Christine P. Stewart, Ph.D.

Education

• B.S., Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
• M.P.H., Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
• Ph.D., The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland

Research Interests

Dr. Stewart’s research focuses on the design and evaluation of nutrition and health interventions for women and young children in low income communities. She examines the effects of these interventions on growth, health, and development throughout the life course. She utilizes primarily community-based randomized controlled trials, longitudinal studies, and meta-analyses to synthesize evidence to inform improvements in programs or policy. She collaborates extensively with multi-disciplinary and multi-national teams and has had recent projects in Kenya, Malawi, Madagascar, Bangladesh, and Ecuador.

Selected Publications

Iannotti LL, Chapnick M, Nicholas J, Gallegos-Riofrio CA, Moreno P, Douglas K, Habif D, Cui Y, Stewart CP, Lutter CK, Water WF. Egg intervention effect on linear growth no longer present after two years. Maternal and Child Nutrition 2019. [PubMed]

Gomes F, Adu-Afarwuah S, Ajello C, Bergeron G, Black R, Bourassa M, Catarino E, Chowdhury R, Dalmiya N, Dwarkanath P, Engle-Stone R, Gernand A, Goudet S, Hoddinott J, Kaestel P, Manger M, McDonald C, Mehta S, Moore SE, Neufeld L, Osendarp S, Ramachandran P, Rasmussen KM, Stewart CP, Sudfeld C, West KP, Bhutta ZA. Setting research priorities on multiple micronutrient supplementation in pregnancy. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2019. [PubMed]

Stewart CP, Wessells KR, Arnold CD, Huybregts L, Ashorn P, Becquey E, Humphrey JH, Dewey KG. Lipid-based nutrient supplements and all-cause mortality in children 6-24 months old: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2019. [PubMed]

Stewart CP, Caswell B, Iannotti LL, Lutter CK, Arnold CD, Chipatala R, Prado EL, Maleta K. The effect of eggs on early child growth in rural Malawi: the Mazira Project randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2019; 110(4): 1026-1033. [PubMed]

Galasso E, Weber AM, Stewart CP, Ratsifandrihamanana L, Fernald LCH. The effects of nutritional supplementation and promotion of responsive parenting on young children in Madagascar: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet Global Health 2019; 7(9):e1257-e1268. [PubMed]

Pickering AJ, Njenga SM, Steinbaum L, Stewart CP, Lin A, Arnold BF, Dentz HN, Mureithi M, Chieng B, Swarthout J, Wolfe M, Mahoney R, Kihara J, Byrd K, Rao G, Meerkerk T, Cheruiyot P, Colford JM, Null C. Effect of water, sanitation, handwashing, and nutrition interventions on soil-transmitted helminth and Giardia infections: a cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural Kenya. PLOS Med 2019; 16(6): e1002841. [PubMed]

Pickering A, Humphrey J, Null C, Winch P, Mangwadu GT, Arnold B, Prendergast AJ, Njenga S, Rahman M, Ntozini R, Benajmin-Chung J, Stewart CP, Huda TMN, Moulton LH, Colford J, Luby S. The WASH Benefits and SHINE Trials: Interpretation of findings on linear growth and diarrhea, and recommendations for policy, programming, and future research in the WASH sector. Lancet Global Health 2019; 7(8): e1139-e1146. [PubMed]

Ercumen A, Benjamin-Chung J, Arnold BF, Lin A, Hubbard A, Stewart CP, Parvez SM, Unicomb L, Rahman M, Haque R, Colford JM, Luby SP. Effects of water, sanitation, handwashing and nutritional interventions on soil transmitted helminth infections in young children: a cluster-randomised trial in rural Bangladesh. Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2019; 13(5): e0007323. [PubMed]

Lin A, Ali S, Arnold BF, Rahman MZ, Alauddin M, Grembi J, Mertens AN, Famida SL, Akther S, Hossen S, Mutsuddi P, Shoab AK, Hussain Z, Rahman M, Unicomb L, Asraf S, Naser AM, Parvez SM, Ercumen A, Benjamin-Chung J, Haque R, Ahmed T, Hossain I, Choudhury N, Jannat K, Alauddin ST, Minchala SG, Cekovic R, Hubbard AE, Stewart CP, Dewey KG, Colford JM, Luby SP. Effects of water, sanitation, handwashing and nutritional interventions on environmental enteric dysfunction in young children: a cluster-randomised controlled trial in rural Bangladesh. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2019. [PubMed]

Prado EL, Yakes-Jimenez E, Vosti S, Stewart R, Stewart CP, Some J, Pulakka A, Ouedraogo JB, Okronipa H, Ocansey E, Oaks B, Maleta K, Lartey A, Kortekangas E, Hess SY, Brown K, Bendabenda J, Ashorn U, Ashorn P, Arimond M, Adu-Afarwuah S, Abbeddou S, Dewey KG. Path analysis of risk factors for linear growth faltering in four prospective cohorts of young children in Ghana, Malawi and Burkina Faso. BMJ Global Health 2019; 4(1): e001155. [PubMed]

Lee SE, Schulze K, Stewart CP, Cole RN, Wu LSF, Eroglu A, Yager J, Groopman J, Christian P, West KP, Jr. Plasma proteome correlates of lipid and lipoprotein: biomarkers of metabolic diversity and subclinical inflammation in school-aged children of rural Nepal. Journal of Lipid Research 2019; 60(1): 149-160. [PubMed]

Stewart CP, Dewey KG, Lin A, Pickering AJ, Byrd KA, Jannat K, Ali S, Rao G, Dentz HN, Kiprotich M, Arnold CD, Arnold BF, Allen LH, Shahab-Ferdows S, Ercumen A, Grembi JA, Naser AM, Rahman M, Unicomb L, Colford JM, Jr., Luby SP, Null C. Effects of lipid based nutrient supplements and infant and young child feeding counseling with or without improved WASH on anemia and micronutrient status: results from two cluster randomized trials in Kenya and Bangladesh. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2019. [PubMed]

Byrd KA, Rao G, Lin A, Arnold CD, Kiprotich M, Dentz HN, Williams TN, Pickering A, Null C, Stewart CP. Sickle cell and α+-thalassemia traits influence the relationship between ferritin and hepcidin in rural Kenyan children aged 14-26 months. Journal of Nutrition 2018; 148(12): 1903-1910. [PubMed]

Na M, Aguayo VM, Arimond, Mustaphi P, Stewart CP. Predictors of complementary feeding practices in Afghanistan: Analysis of the 2015 Demographic and Health Survey. Maternal and Child Nutrition 2018; 14 (Suppl 4): e12696. [PubMed]

Gallegos-Riofrio CA, Waters WF, Salvador JM, Carrasco AM, Lutter CK, Stewart CP, Iannotti LL. The Lulun Project social marketing strategy as a key element of a randomized controlled trial to introduce eggs early in complementary feeding in rural Ecuadorian Andes. Maternal and Child Nutrition 2018; 14(S3):e12700. [PubMed]

Lutter CK, Iannotti LL, Stewart CP. The potential of a simple egg to improve maternal and child nutrition. Maternal and Child Nutrition 2018; 14(S3):e12678. [PubMed]

Byrd KA, Dentz HN, Williams A, Kiprotich M, Omondi R, Kwena O, Rao G, Arnold CD, Arnold BF, Dewey KG, Colford JM, Jr., Null C, Stewart CP. A behavior change intervention with lipid-based nutrient supplements had little impact on young child feeding indicators in rural Kenya. Maternal and Child Nutrition 2018; 15: e12660. [PubMed]

Jannat K, Luby SP, Unicomb L, Rahman M, Das KK, Parvez SM, Winch PJ, Leonstini E, Ram PK, Stewart CP. Complementary feeding practices among rural Bangladeshi mothers: results from the WASH Benefits study. Maternal and Child Nutrition 2018; e12654. [PubMed]

Na M, Aguayo VM, Arimond M, Narayan A, Stewart CP. Stagnating trends in complementary feeding practices in Bangladesh: an analysis of national surveys from 2004-2014. Maternal and Child Nutrition 2018; 14 Suppl 4: e12624. [PubMed]

Waters W, Frio CAR, Karp C, Lutter C, Stewart CP, Iannotti LL. Cracking the egg potential: traditional knowledge, attitudes, and practices in a food-based nutrition intervention in highland Ecuador. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 2018; 39(2): 206-218. [PubMed]

Parvez SM, Azad R, Rahman MM, Unicomb L, Ram PK, Naser AM, Stewart CP, Jannat K, Rahman MJ, Leontsini E, Winch PJ, Luby SP. Achieving optimal technology and behavioral uptake of single and combined interventions of water, sanitation, hygiene, and nutrition in an efficacy trial (WASH Benefits) in rural Bangladesh. Trials, 2018; 19(1):358. [PubMed]

Lin A, Ercumen A, Benjamin-Chung J, Arnold BF, Das S, Haque R, Ashraf S, Parvez SM, Unicomb L, Rahman M, Hubbard AE, Stewart CP, Colford JM Jr, Luby SP. Effects of water, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions on child enteric protozoan infections in rural Bangladesh: A cluster-randomized controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Apr 13. [PubMed]

Stewart CP, Kariger P, Fernald L, Pickering AJ, Arnold CD, Arnold BF, Hubbard AE, Dentz HN, Lin A, Meerkerk TJ, Milner E, Swarthout J, Colford JM Jr, Null C. Effects of water quality, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions on child development in rural Kenya (WASH Benefits Kenya): a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2018 Apr;2(4):269-280. [PubMed]

Tofail F, Fernald LC, Das KK, Rahman M, Ahmed T, Jannat KK, Unicomb L, Arnold BF, Ashraf S, Winch PJ, Kariger P, Stewart CP, Colford JM Jr, Luby SP. Effect of water quality, sanitation, hand washing, and nutritional interventions on child development in rural Bangladesh (WASH Benefits Bangladesh): a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2018 Apr;2(4):255-268. [PubMed]

Luby SP, Rahman M, Arnold BF, Unicomb L, Ashraf S, Winch PJ, Stewart CP, Begum F, Hussain F, Benjamin-Chung J, Leontsini E, Naser AM, Parvez SM, Hubbard AE, Lin A, Nizame FA, Jannat K, Ercumen A, Ram PK, Das KK, Abedin J, Clasen TF,  Dewey KG, Fernald LC, Null C, Ahmed T, Colford JM Jr. Effects of water quality, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions on diarrhoea and child growth in rural Bangladesh: a cluster randomised controlled trial. Lancet Glob Health. 2018 Mar;6(3):e302-e315. [PubMed]

Null C, Stewart CP, Pickering AJ, Dentz HN, Arnold BF, Arnold CD, Benjamin-Chung J, Clasen T, Dewey KG, Fernald LCH, Hubbard AE, Kariger P, Lin A, Luby SP, Mertens A, Njenga SM, Nyambane G, Ram PK, Colford JM Jr. Effects of water quality, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions on diarrhoea and child growth in rural Kenya: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet Glob Health. 2018 Mar;6(3):e316-e329. [PubMed]

Ashorn P, Hallamaa L, Allen LH, Ashorn U, Chandrasiri U, Deitchler M, Doyle R, Harjunmaa U, Jorgensen JM, Kamiza S, Klein N, Maleta K, Nkhoma M, Oaks BM, Poelman B, Rogerson SJ, Stewart CP, Zeilani M, Dewey KG. Co-causation of reduced newborn size by maternal undernutrition, infections, and inflammation. Matern Child Nutr. 2018 Jan 8. [PubMed]

Williams AM, Stewart CP, Shahab-Ferdows S, Hampel D, Kiprotich M, Achando B, Lin A, Null CA, Allen LH, Chantry CJ. Infant Serum and Maternal Milk Vitamin B-12 Are Positively Correlated in Kenyan Infant-Mother Dyads at 1-6 Months Postpartum, Irrespective of Infant Feeding Practice. J Nutr. 2018 Jan 1;148(1):86-93. [PubMed]

Harjunmaa U, Doyle R, Järnstedt J, Kamiza S, Jorgensen JM, Stewart CP, Shaw L, Hallamaa L, Ashorn U, Klein N, Dewey KG, Maleta K, Ashorn P. Periapical infection may affect birth outcomes via systemic inflammation. Oral Dis. 2017 Dec 12. [PubMed]

Iannotti LL, Lutter CK, Waters WF, Gallegos Riofrío CA, Malo C, Reinhart G, Palacios A, Karp C, Chapnick M, Cox K, Aguirre S, Narvaez L, López F, Sidhu R, Kell P, Jiang X, Fujiwara H, Ory DS, Young R, Stewart CP. Eggs early in complementary feeding increase choline pathway biomarkers and DHA: a randomized controlled trial in Ecuador. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Dec;106(6):1482-1489. [PubMed]

Na M, Aguayo VM, Arimond M, Dahal P, Lamichhane B, Pokharel R, Chitekwe S, Stewart CP. Trends and predictors of appropriate complementary feeding practices in Nepal: An analysis of national household survey data collected between 2001 and 2014. Matern Child Nutr. 2017 Nov 17. [PubMed]

Lin A, Arnold BF, Mertens AN, Lin J, Benjamin-Chung J, Ali S, Hubbard AE, Stewart CP, Shoab AK, Rahman MZ, Hossen MS, Mutsuddi P, Famida SL, Akther S, Rahman M, Unicomb L, Dhabhar FS, Fernald LCH, Colford JM Jr, Luby SP. Effects of  water, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions on telomere length among children in a cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural Bangladesh. Elife. 2017 Oct 5;6. pii: e29365. [PubMed]

Na M, Aguayo VM, Arimond M, Stewart CP. Risk factors of poor complementary feeding practices in Pakistani children aged 6-23 months: A multilevel analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey 2012-2013. Matern Child Nutr. 2017 Oct;13 Suppl 2. [PubMed]

Fernald LC, Galasso E, Qamruddin J, Ranaivoson C, Ratsifandrihamanana L, Stewart CP, Weber AM. A cluster-randomized, controlled trial of nutritional supplementation and promotion of responsive parenting in Madagascar: the MAHAY study design and rationale. BMC Public Health. 2016 Jun 3;16:466. [PubMed]

Williams AM, Chantry CJ, Young SL, Achando BS, Allen LH, Arnold BF, Colford JM Jr, Dentz HN, Hampel D, Kiprotich MC, Lin A, Null CA, Nyambane GM, Shahab-Ferdows S, Stewart CP. Vitamin B-12 Concentrations in Breast Milk Are Low and Are Not Associated with Reported Household Hunger, Recent Animal-Source Food, or Vitamin B-12 Intake in Women in Rural Kenya. J Nutr. 2016 May;146(5):1125-31. [PubMed]

Gernand AD, Schulze KJ, Stewart CP, West KP Jr, Christian P. Micronutrient deficiencies in pregnancy worldwide: health effects and prevention. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2016 May;12(5):274-89. [PubMed]

Oaks BM, Laugero KD, Stewart CP, Adu-Afarwuah S, Lartey A, Ashorn P, Vosti SA, Dewey KG. Late-Pregnancy Salivary Cortisol Concentrations of Ghanaian Women Participating in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Prenatal Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements. J Nutr. 2016 Jan 13. pii: jn219576. [PubMed]

Stewart CP, Oaks BM, Laugero KD, Ashorn U, Harjunmaa U, Kumwenda C, Chaima D, Maleta K, Ashorn P, Dewey KG. Maternal cortisol and stress are associated with birth outcomes, but are not affected by lipid-based nutrient supplements during pregnancy: an analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial in rural Malawi. PLoS One. 2015 Dec 16;10(12):e0144996. [PubMed]

Khan RJ, Stewart CP, Davis SK, Harvey DJ, Leistikow BN. The risk and burden of smoking related heart disease mortality among young people in the United States. Tobacco Induced Diseases. 2015 Jul;13(1):16. [PubMed] 

Khan RJ, Harvey DJ, Leistikow BN, Haque KS, Stewart CP. Relationship between obesity and coronary heart disease among urban Bangladeshi men and women. Integr Obes Diabetes. 2015 May;1(3):49-55. [PubMed]

Campbell RK, Talegawkar SA, Christian P, Leclerq SC, Khatry SK, Wu LS, Stewart CP, West KP, Jr. Evaluation of a Novel Single-administration Food Frequency Questionnaire for Assessing Seasonally Varied Dietary Patterns among Women in Rural Nepal. Ecology of food and nutrition. 2015 Feb 13:1-14. [PubMed]

Iannotti LL, Lutter CK, Bunn DA, Stewart CP. Eggs: the uncracked potential for improving maternal and young child nutrition among the world's poor. Nutrition reviews. 2014 Jun;72:355-68.[PubMed]

Yakub M, Schulze KJ, Khatry SK, Stewart CP, Christian P, West KP. High plasma homocysteine increases risk of metabolic syndrome in 6 to 8 year old children in rural Nepal. Nutrients. 2014 Apr;6:1649-61.[PubMed]

Schulze KJ, Christian P, Wu LS, Arguello M, Cui H, Nanayakkara-Bind A, Stewart CP, Khatry SK, LeClerq S, West KP, Jr. Micronutrient deficiencies are common in 6- to 8-year-old children of rural Nepal, with prevalence estimates modestly affected by inflammation. The Journal of nutrition. 2014 Jun;144:979-87.[PubMed]

Stewart CP, Iannotti L, Dewey KG, Michaelsen KF, Onyango AW. Contextualising complementary feeding in a broader framework for stunting prevention. Maternal & child nutrition. 2013 Sep;9 Suppl 2:27-45.[PubMed]

Arnold BF, Null C, Luby SP, Unicomb L, Stewart CP, Dewey KG, Ahmed T, Ashraf S, Christensen G, Clasen T, Dentz HN, Fernald LC, Haque R, Hubbard AE, Kariger P, Leontsini E, Lin A, Njenga SM, Pickering AJ, Ram PK, Tofail F, Winch PJ, Colford JM, Jr. Cluster-randomised controlled trials of individual and combined water, sanitation, hygiene and nutritional interventions in rural Bangladesh and Kenya: the WASH Benefits study design and rationale. BMJ open 2013;3(8):e003476. [PubMed]

Stewart CP, Christian P, Wu LS, Leclerq SC, Khatry SK, West KP Jr. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Elevated Blood Pressure, Overweight, and Dyslipidemia in Adolescent and Young Adults in Rural Nepal. Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2013 May 17. [PubMed]

Khan RJ, Stewart CP, Christian P, Schulze KJ, Wu L, Leclerq SC, Khatry SK, West KP Jr. A cross-sectional study of the prevalence and risk factors for hypertension in rural Nepali women. BMC Public Health. 2013 Jan 21;13:55. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-55. [PubMed]

Stewart CP, Christian P, Schulze KJ, Arguello M, LeClerq SC, Khatry SK, West KP Jr. Low maternal vitamin B-12 status is associated with offspring insulin resistance regardless of antenatal micronutrient supplementation in rural Nepal. J Nutr. 2011 Oct;141(10):1912-7. doi: 10.3945/jn.111.144717. Epub 2011 Aug 24. [PubMed]

Stewart CP, Dewey KG, Ashorn P. The undernutrition epidemic: an urgent health priority. Lancet. 2010 Jan 23;375(9711):282. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60132-8. No abstract available. [PubMed]

Stewart CP, Christian P, Katz J, Schulze KJ, Wu LSF, LeClerq SC, Shakya TR, Khatry SK, West KP, Jr. Maternal supplementation with vitamin A or β-carotene and cardiovascular risk among pre-adolescent children in rural Nepal.  J DOHaD 2010; 1(4): 262-270.

Stewart CP, Christian P, Schulze KJ, Shah US, Subedi G, LeClerq SC, Khatry SK. Size at birth is associated with blood pressure but not insulin resistance in 6-8 year old children in rural Nepal. J DOHaD 2010; 1(2): 114-122.

Christian P, Stewart CP. Maternal micronutrient deficiency, fetal development, and the risk of chronic disease. J Nutr 2010; 140: 437–445. [PubMed]

Christian P, Stewart CP, LeClerq SC, Wu L, Katz J, West KP, Jr., Khatry SK.  Antenatal and postnatal iron supplementation and childhood mortality in rural Nepal. A prospective follow-up in a randomized, controlled community trial. Am J Epid 2009; 170(9): 1127-36. [PubMed]

Palmer AC, Stewart CP. Micronutrients, Health and Development: Evidence-based programs: A report of the 2nd International Meeting of the Micronutrient Forum. Sight and Life Magazine 2009; 3 (Supplement): 3-82.

Palmer AC, Stewart CP. Micronutrients, Health and Development: Evidence-based programs: Executive Summary. Sight and Life Magazine; 2009; 2: 25-33. [PubMed]

Stewart CP. The role of micronutrients in the developmental origins of health and disease. Sight and Life Magazine 2009; 1: 16-25.

Stewart CP, Christian P, Schulze KJ, LeClerq SC, West KP, Jr., Khatry SK. Antenatal micronutrient supplementation reduces metabolic syndrome in 6-8 year old children in rural Nepal. J Nutr 2009; 139 (8): 1575-1581. [PubMed]

Stewart CP, Christian P, LeClerq SC, West KP, Jr., Khatry SK. Antenatal supplementation with folic acid-iron-zinc improves linear growth and reduces peripheral adiposity in school-aged children in rural Nepal.  Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 90: 132-140. [PubMed]

Stewart CP, Katz J, Khatry SK, LeClerq SC, Shrestha SR, West KP, Jr., and Christian P. Preterm delivery but not intrauterine growth retardation is associated with young maternal age among primiparas in rural Nepal.  J Matern Child Nutr 2007; 3: 174-185. [PubMed]

Mason J, Bailes A, Beda-Andourou M, Copeland N, Curtis T, Deitchler M, Foster L, Hensley M, Horjus P, Johnson C*, Lloren T, Mendez A, Munoz M, Rivers J, Vance G. Recent trends in malnutrition in developing regions: vitamin A deficiency, anemia, iodine deficiency, and child underweight. Food Nutr Bull 2005; 26:59-108. *Published under maiden name. [PubMed]